![]() ![]() Additionally, the strong molecular bonding of AspCl–Sn/Pb iodide and AspCl–AspCl can strengthen the structure and thereby improve the stability of Sn–Pb perovskites. We show that a single AspCl additive can effectively passivate defects, reduce Sn 4+ impurities and shift the Fermi energy level. ![]() We introduce aspartate hydrochloride (AspCl) into both the bottom poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene)–poly(styrene sulfonate) and bulk perovskite layers, followed by another AspCl posttreatment. In this study, we focus on the narrow-bandgap subcells and develop an all-in-one doping strategy for them. However, the practical use of these cells is currently hampered by the subpar performance and stability issues associated with mixed tin–lead (Sn–Pb) narrow-bandgap perovskite subcells in all-perovskite tandems 4, 5, 6, 7. The unique capabilities of Process Explorer make it useful for tracking down DLL-version problems or handle leaks, and provide insight into the way Windows and applications work.All-perovskite tandem solar cells hold great promise in surpassing the Shockley–Queisser limit for single-junction solar cells 1, 2, 3. Process Explorer also has a powerful search capability that will quickly show you which processes have particular handles opened or DLLs loaded. The top window always shows a list of the currently active processes, including the names of their owning accounts, whereas the information displayed in the bottom window depends on the mode that Process Explorer is in: if it is in handle mode you'll see the handles that the process selected in the top window has opened if Process Explorer is in DLL mode you'll see the DLLs and memory-mapped files that the process has loaded. The Process Explorer display consists of two sub-windows. ![]() Process Explorer shows you information about which handles and DLLs processes have opened or loaded. ![]()
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